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The United Kingdom, a star performer in the energy transition
In the space of just a few years, the United Kingdom has introduced a number of reforms and initiatives with a view to positioning itself as a world leader in decarbonisation and renewable energies. Let's take a brief look at the ecological reforms implemented in recent years by our neighbours across the Channel.
- In 2008
13 years ago, 80% of the country's electricity came from fossil fuels. The United Kingdom relied on the coal reserves it held on its territory as well as the hydrocarbons available in the North Sea.
In 2008, the British Parliament passed the Climate Change Act. Its objective is to drastically reduce CO2 emissions by 2050, i.e. by -80 %.
- In 2013
As part of the energy transition, the carbon tax is being launched to encourage the switch to low-carbon electricity.
- In 2014
To reduce CO2 emissions, we need to invest heavily in low-carbon energies, enabling us to source electricity from renewable sources.
- In 2017
The Clean Growth Strategy illustrates the management of carbon budgets between 2023 and 2032. The energy savings and efficiency budget amounts to EUR 3 billion.
- In 2019
In 2019, the UK Parliament added a target of zero net emissions by 2050 to its commitments.
- 2021
Today, sales of electric and hybrid cars are relatively low. Yet the UK is one of the European countries with the best sales of electric cars.
Following the Covid supply crisis, car sales fell by a quarter. Paradoxically, sales of electric vehicles are rising.
Today, electric cars account for 16.6% of UK registrations. Together with plug-in hybrids, these "green" vehicles account for 25.7%.
This compares with 5.8% in France and 8.4% in Germany, according to ACEA (the European Automobile Manufacturers' Association).
All these actions, implemented over a period of ten years, demonstrate the British government's objective of becoming the world leader in decarbonisation.
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A key measure announced at COP26 by Boris Jonhnson
"We cannot go on as where are": these are the words of Boris Johnson at Cop26 in Glasgow in November 2021.
In the fight against global warming, it has to be said that the measures already taken are not enough. The British Prime Minister has announced new flagship measures for the energy transition: promoting the installation of recharging points.
An energy recharging point in every new building
From 2022, it will be compulsory for new buildings in the UK to have a new charging point for electric cars. These charging point installations will apply to homes and public places.
The new buildings corresponding to these new measures are :
- Dwellings, i.e. houses and blocks of flats
- Workplaces (offices)
- Supermarkets
The number of charging points available is currently quite low compared with the government's energy transition target. This situation makes owning an electric vehicle a complex proposition: how can you take the plunge if you're not sure you'll be able to recharge your vehicle easily in the event of a breakdown? By increasing the number of charging points installed in the private and public sectors, Parliament's aim is obviously to encourage people to switch to electric vehicles.
A charging point in buildings with major renovations
Buildings in the private or public sector with more than 10 parking spaces and undergoing major renovation will also be required to install a charging point.
The British government wants to expand the number of electric cars on the road. It has set a target of 145,000 new charging points a year from 2022. The new law encourages private individuals and businesses to install charging points in new buildings.
The United Kingdom is asserting a real desire to speed up the energy transition, describing it as a "green industrial revolution". Through these new initiatives, the government hopes to gradually phasing out internal combustion vehicles over the next few years.
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Towards a ban on the sale of internal combustion vehicles in 2030
Prime Minister Boris Johnson wants to set up a green industrial revolution to encourage the UK to drive electric.
It wants to maximise the installation of charging points for electric cars in the private and public sectors. In addition, the UK government plans to ban combustion-powered vehicles.
By 2030, the sale of petrol and diesel vehicles will be banned in the UK. The government hopes to become carbon neutral by 2050. These radical new measures will significantly reduce CO2 emissions.
In France, new laws will come into force between now and 2030. A bill aims to ban the sale of certain cars by 2030 (for new thermal vehicles with a CO2 content of more than 123 g/km). This is the first step towards ending the sale of petrol and diesel vehicles.
In ten years' time, car brands will be offering electric or rechargeable hybrid 100% versions. Although professionals are increasingly prone to applying electric driving, it will soon become more and more commonplace to drive an electric car.buy an electric car for a private individual to have a charging point at home.
In the midst of its energy transition, the UK is aiming to lead the way and pave the way for new environmentally-friendly legislation in other countries by phasing out petrol and diesel vehicles by 2030, and by rolling out the installation of a charging point for new buildings and major renovations. It remains to be seen what the benefits of these measures will be. To be continued.